1. INTRODUCTION
In the present practice, it will be possible to assess the way the land is detected in the electrical networks of the establishments, the quality of the land and the importance of the land in these networks
2. CONTEXT
it is important to show the existence of land in the electrical networks of the establishments, pes this allows that the voltage that each equipment receives is the ideal one to give excellent respues of work, also that there are optimal characteristics to connect to the regulated or unregulated source of each equipment
3. DEVELOPMENT
*previous consultation
- What kind of aid do you have to provide in an electrical shock case?
If the victim has come into contact with a driver or piece under stress, it should be separated from the contact as a first step before trying to apply first aid. To this end:
a) The power shall be cut by turning on the switch, circuit breaker, electric cue, etc. It must not be forgotten that an electrified person who is in an elevated position is at risk of falling to the ground at the time the current is cut, put elements to cushion the fall. [1]
b) If it proves impossible to cut the current or it takes too long, because the switch is far away, try to disengage the electrified person by any non conductive element (board, ribbon, rope, wooden chair, leather belt, dry stick or branch, etc.) with which, at a distance, to prey on the cable or on the injured, or to grab the clothes being the rescuer well isolated. [1]
after the person has separated from the electrical elements, first aid should be reviewed and provided, however it should be taken to the nearest health care provider unit. [2]
2. There are four main types of electrical injuries:
- Flash: caused by an arc flash, are typically associated with superficial burns, as no electrical current travels past the skin.
- Flame: Flame injuries occur when an arc flash ignites an individual’s clothing, and electrical current may or may not pass the skin in these cases.
- Lightning: involving extremely short but very high voltage electrical energy, are associated with an electrical current flowing through the individual’s entire body.
- True electrical injuries: True electrical injuries involve an individual becoming part of an electrical circuit. In these cases, an entrance and exit site is usually found.[3]
*Questionnaire
- The most important risk factor according to Retie 90. It is what its frequency is that it happens varies sometimes to the MES and can carry consequences such as one or several deaths, serious damage to infrastructure, irreparable pollution.
Electrical safety symbols are safety symbols to warn people that serious injuries can occur from burn, electric shocks, and hazards. These tragedies can be prevented injuries. Electrical safety signs and electrical safety symbols are imperative in warning people that electrical hazards are probable while working and also remind them to take the necessary steps to stay safe.
The colors are:
[4]
The symbols are:
The common symbol for electricity is:
*by copyright policies, the images shown below, the page is shown and not only the Symbol!!!!!
Is a lightning bolt.
Voltage or Shock Hazard Symbol: This symbol can be identified by using a bolt or a bolt through a hand.
Static Hazards: If you see a lightning bolt on the bottom of a shoe, there is a danger of an explosion occurring from static electricity.
Buried Cable Symbol: A bolt with an arrow pointed downward is used to identify buried cable signs.
Danger/Safety (Universal): A triangle with an enclosed exclamation point is the universal symbol for danger and sometimes safety as well.
Restricted Areas: Prohibition signs are used in areas to prevent people from walking into a danger zone.
Electrical Devices: Appliances, switches, wire boxes and other electrical devices are often marked with an electrical safety sign.
Protective Earth Ground Label: Clarion Safety Systems brings you high quality protective earth ground safety labels.
Arc Flash Label: Clarion Safety Systems brings you high quality arc flash safety labelsClarion Safety Systems brings you high quality arc flash safety labels.
- The most important risk factor according to Retie 90. It is what its frequency is that it happens varies sometimes to the MES and can carry consequences such as one or several deaths, serious damage to infrastructure, irreparable pollution.
4. RESULTS
| fase | neutro | grownd | |
| orange | 118.7 | 118.7 | 1.3 |
| white | 119.5 | 119.5 | 0.5 |
5. GLOSARY
Electricity: A form of energy that produces luminous, mechanical, calorific, chemical, etc., effects due to the separation or movement of the electrons that form the atoms.
Earth: ground is a driver with a protective function, the aim is to lead possible on shore stresses.
Live wire: is an active conductor that carries the electrical current normally from the grid to a plug or switch in our home or office.
Neutral: neutral Its function is to create an imbalance, a potential difference that allows the existence of electric current by the Phase conductor.
Safety: One definition within the security sciences is «interdisciplinary science that is responsible for assessing, studying and managing the risks faced by an individual, good or environment».
6. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
In practice it was carried out, and it reached a compression of great importance in the field of electronics and electricity, since it was treated the utility of the grownd in the electrical networks, besides protecting the equipment, serves to ensure the voltage seen by the neutral and the phase, as well as the grownd, the gownd has a voltage arround to 1,5V, in this way it can be known when an electrical network possesses a real land or a phytic land, in our country we see a lot of the fictitious earth, this lowers infrastructure costs and in many households not to say that all, bridge the neutral to the grownd, but this brings with it a big problem, at the time of an overcharging does not have a place to go the current and cause the damage of the equipment connected to this network, For this each establishment that manages electrical network must guarantee its system of protection to electrical network, and with I follow the design of a land that isosle the charges.
On the basis of the above explanation, it is noted that the classroom where the practice was performed does not have its land insulation system, since the voltage valves measured in the grownd were 0,8V, and 1,3V which means no real land is presented, for the,which gives us the answer «why the circuits in the 506 classroom do not have an optimal performance.
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] ISASTUR, «Manual de Seguridad,» septiembre 2010. [En línea]. Available: https://www.isastur.com/external/seguridad/data/es/1/1_12_6.htm. [Último acceso: 1 agosto 2019].
[2] «Manual de Primeros Auxilios,» [En línea]. Available: http://www.manualdeprimerosauxilios.com/aspectos-generales/reglas-siniestro/electrocucion/. [Último acceso: 1 agosto 2019].
[3] L. A. Foris and M. R. Huecker, “Electrical injuries,” in StatPearls [Internet], StatPearls Publishing, 2017.
[4] N. Alon, R. Yuster, and U. Zwick, “Color-coding,” J. ACM, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 844–856, 1995.
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